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Carbon Radiometric Dating and Neutron Capture Speculation

Tyrannosaurus Rex kind of dinosaur

By the nonfiction author Jonathan Whitcomb

UPDATE: To demonstrate internet security and support all worthy online sites, “https” has been added to the URL’s of the links of this post “Carbon Radiometric Dating and Neutron Capture Speculation.” Actually those sites were always safe, but this action demonstrates that they are certified secure.

Before getting into details about potential neutron capture and how it relates to radiometric dating of dinosaur bones, consider this introduction. According to the Paleo-Group web site (“Carbon Dating of Fossils“):

Almost all paleontologists never date dinosaur bones, because they have assumed for some time that the bones have to be millions of years old. True science is all about measurement and verification of the assumptions underlying each old theory in order to improve or replace outdated ideas.

Scientific methods and instrumentation have greatly improved since the earlier days of dinosaur dating, and those old assumptions are now being tested.

Indeed, many dinosaur fossils have been carbon-dated in recent years, with surprising results. Let us approach this with courage, accepting whatever results the scientific testing gives us. If there has been a problem with the testing methods, then we can improve them and test more dinosaur bones with improved methods.

Speculation: Neutrons Being Captured

On the site British Centre for Science Education, a comment from Steve660 included, “Fossil bones are often enriched in uranium . . .  although this would not explain why the pMC values are similar across all the constituents.” (He was referring to the possibility that neutron-capturing may have been at least part of the cause for surprisingly young carbon-14 dates for dinosaur remains.) Steve660 may have failed to dig deeply enough, doing insufficient research. The problems with that conjecture are much more serious than he seems to realize.

The KGOV site “Carbon 14 and Dinosaur Bones” goes into detail on the problems with neutron-capture speculation:

  1. A lot of nearby radioactivity is needed to produce even a small amount of carbon-14 in the ground, meaning through neutron capture, but C14 is found in specimens from around the world
  2. Radioactivity in the ground is relatively scarce, absent in most areas
  3. Data from dinosaur bones was presented at the 2012 AGU conference: Less than 20 parts per million of uranium and thorium were in the materials that had a lot of modern carbon . . .
  4. Carbon actually does poorly in capturing neutrons, with much heavier elements doing much better
  5. “Nitrogen creates carbon-14 from neutrons 110,000 times more easily than does carbon,” which makes the neutron-capture conjecture highly unlikely, considering what is known from the data
  6. Because of relative scarcity of radioactive substances in the earth’s crust, diamonds (which have been shown to have significant C14) destroy the neutron-capture speculation

Radioactive Carbon in Dinosaur Bones

Fossils of dinosaurs have significant amounts of C14. According to popular ideas about the “age of dinosaurs,” those bones should have no radioactive carbon at all. The result: Laboratories in the United States no longer date dinosaur bones. It makes the old ideas about “millions of years” look ridiculous, so those scientists refuse to carbon-date them.

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Tyrannosaurus Rex kind of dinosaur

Photo by Michael Bentley

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Neutron Capture in Carbon-Dated Dinosaur Bones

Some scientists are feeling awkward trying to get their hands around a T-Rex type dinosaur that appears much younger than it “should be.” The Allosaurus remains in question were excavated in 1989 in Colorado.

Carbon radiometric dating of dinosaur bones

Carbon-14 dating of dinosaur fossils in a number of areas of North America—that confirms the recent ages of those dinosaurs, for the C14 methods used by the laboratories and the researchers involved had guarded against contamination, making the evidence valid.

Dinosaur Fossils Being Radiocarbon Dated

Both the carbon-14 dating results and the discovery of soft tissue in incompletely fossilized dinosaur bones share the common theme of being indicators of much younger ages for dinosaurs than evolution claims.

Dinosaurs Carbon-Dated to < 40,000 Years BP

For generations, Americans and peoples of other Western countries have been indoctrinated . . . with continuous proclamations about all of the dinosaurs and pterosaurs becoming extinct many millions of years ago. . . . So why do we always seem to find that isotope of carbon [radioactive C14] when we do that testing on dinosaur bones? [Those animals lived much more recently than most scientists had assumed.]

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Recent Dinosaurs and Carbon-14 Dating

long-necked dinosaur

By the author of nonfiction living-pterosaur books Jonathan Whitcomb

UPDATE: The links in this post have been updated with “https” as a sign that all those posts and pages linked to are safe. They always have been secure, but now that safety is shown to be certified.

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Carbon radiometric dating of dinosaur bones—that relates to modern pterosaurs indirectly: Recently-living dinosaurs help people to realize that eyewitness reports of flying pterosaurs are more credible than people may have assumed. Yes, I am talking about dinosaurs that have lived relatively recently. Some dinosaurs appear to be well under 1% as old as Westerners have been taught, tens of thousands of years rather than many millions of years old.

Extinction Millions of Years Ago—False

Cryptozoologists and biologists no longer need to rely on dragons in history or sightings of dinosaurs in recent decades in Africa and South American and Papua New Guinea. Carbon-14 dating of dinosaur fossils in a number of areas of North America—that confirms the recent ages of those dinosaurs, for the C14 methods used by the laboratories and the researchers involved had guarded against contamination, making the evidence valid.

The Acrocanthosaurus had been assumed to have become extinct by about 110 million years ago. This huge predator dinosaur roamed around what is now North America. Yet one particular animal did not live that long ago, according to recent carbon-dating. The fossils had been excavated in Texas. It could have lived there as recently as about 24,000 years ago, although some of the pieces show an age of over 30,000 years before present (BP).

The Allosaurus was another large theropod dinosaur, assumed to have become extinct by about 100 million years ago. One particular Allosaurus, however, was carbon-dated to about 31,000 years ago. It was excavated in Colorado.

The Hadrosaur dinosaurs (Hadrosaurids) are called duck-billed and were assumed to have gone extinct by about 66 million years ago. But consider three specimens that were excavated in Alaska, Montana, and Colorado. They were recently C14 dated to have lived between about 22,000 and 38,000 years ago.

The scientific report of those amazing findings was given at the 2012 AOGS-AGU conference in Singapore, but the abstract was later censored by two chairpersons. No warning was given that the report would be removed from the official web site and no detailed explanation was given for why it was removed. Those two chairmen apparently simply refused to believe it was possible that such an astonishing scientific discovery could be made.

That reminds me of when Einstein was denied the Noble Prize because his revolutionary theories of Relativity. The truth is not always immediately accepted, even when the scientific evidence is demonstrated.

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Dinosaur Bones Carbon-Dated to be Younger

Since dinosaurs are thought to be over 65 million years old, the news is stunning – and more than some can tolerate.  After the AOGS-AGU conference in Singapore, the abstract was removed from the conference website by two chairmen because they could not accept the findings.

Dinosaurs Carbon-Dated to < 40,000 Years BP

Since carbon dating became available, in the mid-20th century, many scientists had assumed that the new method for determining ages was inappropriate for dinosaur fossils. . . . The new concept in determining when particular dinosaurs lived is this: Date the bones themselves, not the layers that are removed from the layers in which the fossils are found. This direct method relies on the proven principles of radiocarbon dating (C14).

Dinosaurs in North American are Younger Than Previously Thought

. . . a number of dinosaur fossils excavated in North America have been 14C dated to well below the ceiling level for those testing methods, with none of the materials over 40,000 years old, according to the rigorous methods used.

Dinosaur Bird or Dragon

It has been estimated that at least 1400 Americans have observed a living pterosaur in the United States within the past thirty years. [This estimate has more recently been seen as a great underestimate.] The great majority of them [the eyewitnesses] have not reported their encounters [to] any cryptozoologist . . .

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More About the new Cryptozoology Book

cover of "Live Pterosaurs in Australia and in Papua New Guinea"

Live Pterosaurs in Australia and in Papua New Guinea, my third nonfiction cryptozoology book, differs in being published only in electronic form: Amazon Kindle format. It’s also shorter, about 76 pages, making it much less expensive than the average cryptozoology book: $3.99. Update: This digital book is now given away FREE, through an easy pdf download. This free giveaway is to promote worldwide awareness of these wonderful sightings and the wonderful news that pterosaurs, in at least a few species, are still living. Immediate download here: FREE BOOK.

Before quoting from the book, let’s consider an example of Western indoctrination. My wife runs a child care business where many of the preschoolers come early. This morning, a thirteen-month-old boy was feeling sleepy, so he was put to bed with a children’s educational television show playing on low volume. Just as two other preschoolers (a three-year-old and a two-year old) were about to come into the room, the man on the children’s show displayed a picture of a dinosaur and said, “All dinosaurs are extinct.”

From the first chapter:

By the middle of the twentieth century, school teachings had cemented the ancient-extinction idea into Western culture, so dinosaurs and pterosaurs were portrayed as living only in science fiction and dragons only in fantasy. Expeditions in central Africa, searches for a sauropod dinosaur, were the rare exception, with no official discovery. . . .

. . . I don’t blame anybody for simply assuming that their ancient extinction is scientific truth, for we’ve been taught that idea all of our lives. Real science, however, progresses, and progress means change, even when it shocks us. . . .

. . . As you read the following chapters, consider the following perspective. What eyewitness reports should we expect, should uncommon nocturnal pterosaurs live in the southwest Pacific? I suggest that sightings would be relatively few and mostly at a distance and under less than ideal viewing conditions; only a small percentage of encounters would convince eyewitnesses that they had seen a living pterosaur. . . .

The Preface, at the beginning of the book:

Preface to this nonfiction cryptozoology book about modern pterodactyls

Living Pterosaurs in Australia

Even if you’ve never been in Australia or in Papua New Guinea (PNG), you might live within a culture similar to a culture in one of those two countries, regarding disbelief or belief in modern living pterosaurs or in flying dragons . . .

Ebook “Live Pterosaurs in Australia and in Papua New Guinea”

Featherless creatures fly overhead, in Papua New Guinea and in Australia. This nonfiction gives you up-to-date eyewitness reports, informing you why these creatures are still alive and why they are so rarely reported in newspapers.

Number One Selling Cryptozoology Book

  1. Live Pterosaurs in Australia and in Papua New Guinea
  2. There’s Something in the Woods
  3. Destination Truth
  4. Caverns, Cauldrons, and Concealed Creatures
  5. Real Monsters, Gruesome Critters, and Beasts from the Darkside